F 234 




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FREDERICKSBURG 



AND 



ITS MANY POINTS OF INTEREST 



" Proud of the marks and monuments it bears to testify that its association with the 
country is such that her history may not be written without the name of Fredericksburg." 

i^ £i^ i3^ ; ;'^ 

R^A. KISHPAUGH, Publisher 

FREDERICKSBURG. VIRGINIA 
Copyrighted 1912 






I Q 




bird's-eye view of FREDERICKSBURG FROM STAFFORD HEIGHTS 

gCI.A320085 




FREDERICKSBURG. 

US »8 fS 

HistertcctI Skdch^ 

HE visitor to Fredericksburg to-day finds, instead of the easy going town of ante-bellum 
days, an entirely new place risen from the ruins of war and time, new buildings, up-to- 
date streets and other improvements making a modern city of the present generation. 
The object of this little book is to furnish to the traveler, facts in the history of Fredericks- 
burg, its many places of interest as well as an up-to-date guide to the city, and to extend to all a 
"welcome to Fredericksburg." 

The exact time the site of what is now Fredericksburg was visited by white men is not known, 
but the general impression is that the first trip was in 1608 (one year after the landing at James- 
town). Capt. John Smith, the true founder and father of Virginia, with a crew of twelve men and 
an Indian of a Potomac tribe for a guide, came to the falls of the Rappahannock just above where 
Fredericksburg was afterward located, and had a severe fight with the Rappahannocks, whom he 
described as the most courageous and formidable savages he had yet encountered. 

The early history of Fredericksburg is full of events* along the general history of the country, 
it being a centre of trade, the river being wider and deeper than the present day, and that ocean 
going barges and schooners, laden with cargoes from the West Indies, Liverpool and other ports 
came to Fredericksburg, and took on for their return voyage consignments of tobacco and wheat 
to English and Scotch merchants. A fort was maintained near the falls of the Rappahannock, 
and with 250 men the town was legally founded in 1727 and was named for Frederick, son of George 
the Second. 

* See Quinn's History of Fredericksburg. . . 



Before the introduction of railroads, trade was carried on by what was known as "Road 
Wagons." These wagons were of huge dimensions, their curved bodies being, before and behind, 
at least twelve feet from the ground. They had canvas covers and were drawn by four and often six 
horses. During the period from 1800 to the civil war, as many as three hundred was often seen on 
the streets and in the wagon yards of Fredericksburg at one time. The country, to the Blue Ridge 
mountains, even to counties in the Valley of Virginia, was thus supplied from Fredericksburg. 

The part which Fredericksburg played in the civil war is so well known, that we will be 
content with a brief reference. As soon as the Confederate Capitol was removed to Richmond, it 
became at once, and continued during the entire war, the objective point of the Federal invasion of 
the South. It was apparent, therefore, from an inspection of the map, that Fredericksburg would 
necessarily witness a bloody act in that direful drama; for she was situated half-way on the direct 
route between Washington and Richmond. 

If ever anywhere grim-visaged war showed his horrid front, it was at this foredoomed, 
devoted town. She was the immediate theatre of one of the bloodiest battles of the war, on Decem- 
ber 13, 1862. In the cannonade that ushered in that battle, a hundred and eighty guns, some of 
them seige pieces, carrying seventy pound projectiles, for ten mortal hours poured a pitiless storm 
of shot and shell upon the helpless town. No such cannonade, save that which preceded Pickett's 
charge at Gettysburg, was ever heard upon this continent; nay, ever heard upon this earth. Four 
and a half months after that bloody baptism, the town witnessed the desperate, but unsuccessful, 
endeavor of Gen Sedwick to march his corps of thirty thousand men to the relief of Hooker, at 
Chancellorsville; and she was the hospital for fifteen thousand wounded men from Grant's army 
in the Wilderness campaign of May, 1864. 

If lines be drawn from Fredericksburg to Chancellorsville; from Chancellorsville to the Wild- 
derness battlefields; from the Wilderness battlefield to the Bloody Angle, near Spotsylvania Court- 



House; and from there to the starting point at Fredericksburg, these lines will include a space that 
is smaller in area than the District of Columbia. On this area more blood was shed, and more men 
killed, than upon any area of equal dimensions, in the world. 

Early in December, 1862, Burnside, 
urged by the clamor of the Northern press 
and populace, resolved to cross the Rappa- 
hannock, and despite the near approach of 
winter to assume the offensive. At this 
time the attempt of Federal gun boats to 
pass up the river to Fredericksburg had 
been frustrated by Stuart and some field 
batteries. 

On December 13, 1862, Burnside 
started to cross the Rappahannock. Never 
did a general or army await the attack of 
a more numerous enemy with greater 
confidence than did Lee and the Confeder- 
ates at Fredericksburg. 

When the two pre-arranged signal 
guns announced that the shelling of the brompton ^ (the old marye mansion) 

town was about to begin, long streams of N°^ '^^ Residence of Capt. M, B. Rowe. 

carriages and wagons, bearing fugitive women and children, and long processions on foot of those 
who could not procure vehicles, all seeking temporary shelter in the woods and wilderness, passed 
the camp fires of the Confederate soldiers in the rear of the town. 

Shortly after nine o'clock the sun shining out with almost Indian Summer warmth quickly 
dispelled the mists which hid the opposing armies, and as the white folds dissolved, Jackson's men 






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FREDERICKSBURG IN 1862 
Just Before the Bombardment, and After the Car Bridge was Burnt by the Confederate Army 



beheld the plains beneath them dark with a moving mass of more than 40,000 foes, and from the 
array of batteries upon the Stafford Heights a storm of shot and shell burst upon the Confederate 
lines. The Federal army advanced within 800 yards of the foot of the opposing ridge when sud- 
denly the silent woods awoke to life and the flash and thunder of more than sixty guns revealed to 
the Federals the magnitude of the task they had undertaken. Column after column advanced only 
to be repulsed with terrible loss, until about 12 o'clock the Irish Brigade, under General Meagher, 
advanced at the spot on the Sunken Road 
which is now marked by the monument to 
General Cobb, he having fallen earlier in 
the day, and boldly charging across the 
shot-swept plains, opposed to it were men 
as fearless and as staunch; behind that 
rude stone breastworks, those who were 
"bone of their bone and flesh of their 
flesh," as some of the soldiers of Cobb's 
Brigade were Irish like themselves. On the 
morning of battle General Meagher had 
bade his men deck their caps with sprigs 
of evergreen "to remind them," he said 
"of the land of their birth." The symbol 
was recognized by their countrymen, and 
"Oh, God, what a pity! Here comes 
Meagher's fellows," was the cry in the sunken road-showing cobb monument 

Confederate ranks. The rapidly thinning line now was within a hundred yards of their goal, sud- 
denly a sheet of flame leaped from the parapet, to their glory be it told, though scores be swept 
away, falling in their tracks, like corn before the side, the ever thinning ranks dashed on. Of the 





CHANCELLORSVILLE HOUSE AS IT APPEARED DURING THE WAR 



1,200 officers and men in this gallant charge, 937 had fallen; one body, that of an officer, was found 

within fifteen feet of the parapet. 

It is due to the truth of history to say that not in all the annals of war, neither in the "charge 

of the six hundred" at Balaklava, nor in Pickett's charge at Gettysburg was there ever displayed a 

more signal instance of dauntless courage than was exhibited by the men who made these hopeless 

attempts to carry Marye's Heights. 

Under the cover of darkness and 
storm the Federals withdrew across the 
river two days later and resumed their 
position on the Stafford heights. 

Fredericksburg played an important 
part in the battle of Chancellorsville, on the 
2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th of May, 1863. When 
General Hooker marched ninety thousand 
men across the Rapidan at Germania and 
Ely's Ford and entrenched them behind 
breast-works in the impenetrable jungle of 
stunted growth that screened and protected 
the plateau in front of the Chancellorsville 
House, he left thirty thousand men, under 
General Sedgwick, on the Stafford heights, 
opposite Fredericksburg. General Lee left 
Early with 8,500 muskets (a part of Jack- 
SALEM CHURCH son's corps) to hold back Sedgwick, while 

he marched with the main body of Jackson's corps and two divisions of Longstreet's corps) to 

confront Hooker at Chancellorsville. These two divisions of Longstreet's corps were those of 




Anderson and McLaws. Longstreet, himself, with the 
other two divisions of his corps, was down on th^ 
Blackwater, bslow Richmond, and did not participate in 
the battle of Chancellorsville. Jackson was mortally 
wounded at nightfall on Saturday, the 2nd of May, after 
routing and driving back in wild panic, the right wing 
of Hooker's army. The next morning (Sunday) a union 
was effected between Jackson's divisions and the two 
divisions of Longstreet's corps, and a combined, impet- 
uous assault carried the Federal position in front of 
Chancellorsville, and the beaten enemy retreated to 
their second line of breastworks. Just as General Lee 
was preparing (on Sunday, at noon) to renew the 
assault, word reached him that Sedgwick had crossed 
the river and carried the Marye Heights, and was 
marching on Chancellorsville to join Hooker. The 
Confederate commander, in the exercise of what a great 
critic of the art of war, has characterized as the highest 
display of military genius, paused in his pursuit of 
Hooker, and, leaving Stuart in command of Jackson's 
corps, in front of the disheartened Federal troops at 
Chancellorsville, led the two divisions of Longstreet 
down theFredericksburg road, to unite with Early in 
frustrating the purpose of Sedgwick to join his forces 
with those of Hooker. This was accomplished on Mon- 
day, the 4th of May, when Sedgwick was driven 



"~^ 




'stonewall" JACKSON MONUMENT 




SEDGWICK MONUMENT 

them in the hands of the enemies of their country. 



across the Rappahannock, at Bank's Ford. 
There was a severe engagement that raged 
around the "Salem Church," four miles 
out from Fredericksburg, upon the old 
turnpike road. Captain Featherstone, who 
brought a splendid Alabama company to 
Virginia, at the outbreak of the war, 
occupied the church with his company, 
and did excellent work in holding back 
Sedgwick until Lee arrived. 

Gen. R. E. Lee, in speaking of the 
privations and sacrifices incurred by the 
citizens of Fredericksburg, said: "His- 
tory presents no instance of a people ex- 
hibiting a purer and more unselfish pa- 
triotism, or a higher spirit of fortitude 
and courage than was evinced by the 
people of Fredericksburg. They cheer- 
fully incurred great hardships and priva- 
tions, and surrendered their homes and 
property to destruction, rather than yield 



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MONUMENT TO GEN. HUGH MERCER 



Since the close of the Civil War, and the equally distressing war of the reconstruction, Fred- 
ericksburg has entered upon a career of commercial and industrial prosperity, far exceeding any 



largely increased. Situated half 
with twenty-six trains daily, run 



ever experienced in her ante-bellum days. Her population has 
way between Richmond and Washington. Five trunk lines 
through the city, thus giving prompt and 
easy access to all the large eastern and 
northern cities, while the water transpor- 
tation puts this section in cheap reach of 
the markets of the eastern seaboard. A 
splendid water-power with the present 
capacity of 4,000 hydro-electric horsepower 
with an ultimate development of 35,000 
horse-power, furnishes cheap power to 
manufacturing plants located in the city. 
Mr. Frank J. Gould, the owner of this 
immense power, has completed a survey 
for an electric line from Richmond, Va., 
to Washington, D. C. This line will give 
Fredericksburg direct communication by 
electric railway, with Washington, D. C, 
Richmond, Va., and Petersburg, Va. 
Fifteen miles of this line north of Richmond is now in operation. 

The United States government has erected a handsome Government postoffice. 

The State of Virginia has established at Fredericksburg a State Normal and Industrial School 
for Women, this consists of two handsome buildings situated on part of the historic Marye's 
Heights. 




NLw pos rorFici: 



A good High School with new modern school building, the Fredericksburg College and two 
libraries furnish educational opportunities for the youths of both sexes. 

Four banks, a silk mill, pants factory, flour mills, foundry and machine works, sumac mills, 
pickle factory, buggy, wagon and wood-working plants, cigar factories, extract works, plow 

manufactories, brick yards, ice factories, 
bark mills, bone mills, granite works, 
mattress factory, excelsior mills, two daily 
and two tri-weekly newspapers, telegraph, 
mail, express and freight facilities unex- 
celled, all help to make Fredericksburg an 
industrial center of the present generation. 
Good roads to Fredericksburg through 
the various adjoining counties open up a 
larger territory for trade than ever before, 
and with the completion of the National 
Highway from Quebec to Miami, Florida, 
which passes through Fredericksburg, 
its many points of interest will be opened 
up to the tourist. 

The city is amply supplied with 
water, pumped from the river into a reser- 
voir higher than any of the houses, while the water from the old "Poplar Spring is also used. The 
city owns and operates Electric and Gas Plants, and there is also an Incandescent Light Plant, 
owned by a private corporation, for lighting houses. 

The town offers inducements to enterprising capitalists, and to those who are seeking homes 
in the genial climate of the South. 




PASSENGER DEPOT 



POINTS OF INTEREST. 



fS SS 9g 

ChEthEm 



One of the most interesting points of 
historical interest to all who visit Freder- 
icksburg is the magnificent old Colonial 
estate of Chatham, residence of A. Ran- 
dolph Howard, Esq., beautifully situated 
upon Stafford Heights overlooking the 
town. 

The house was built in 1730 by Wil- 
liam Fitzhugh, upon a small grant of a few 
hundred thousand acres from King George 
of England. 

The architect is believed to have been 
the famous Sir Christopher Wrenn, to 
whom is due the adaptation of the English 
renaissance of the Grecian period to our 
Southland needs, and which has resulted in the type now known as Colonial. Chatham is conceded 
to be the purest and most beautiful specimen of the Georgian Colonial architecture in America. 

Through its lordly halls have trod the beauty and chivaly of generations of the most famous 
families of Virginia. 

Upon its famous race-track such horses as Boston, Lexington, Timoleon, Sir Archy, Sir 





ENTRANCE TO NATIONAL CEMETERY 
Showing Monument Erected by Gen. Daniel Butterfield to 5th Corps, Army of Potomac 



Charles and hundreds of others fought out their races, while their owners were guests of Colonel 
Fitzhugh. 

At Chatham General Washington paid his addresses to the widow Curtis, General Robert E. 
Lee whispered sweet words of love to a niece of Mrs. Fitzhugh, and the immortal Lincoln reviewed 
the Army of the Potomac before the battle of Fredericksburg. 

General Burnside established his headquarters at Chatham, and at the foot of its terraced 
lawns one of the pontoon bridges were thrown across the river over which many a brave man 
passed never to return. 



Th^ i^EtT0nEl QI^mBt:crg 



Located on Willis Hill, a part of the historic Marye's Heights, overlooking Fredericksburg 
and the beautiful Rappahannock Valley, the Union soldiers who were killed in the various battles 
around Fredericksburg and those who died in camp are interred. This cemetery has the largest 
number of interments of any in the country, there being 15,295, of these about 2,500 are known and 
their names, regiment and state are registered in a book in the superintendent's office. 

Just to the left entering the cemetery General Daniel Butterfield has erected a beautiful 
monument to the valor of the Fifth Army Corps, which he commanded. 

To the right at the top of the hill is a monument to the !27th Regiment, Pennsylvania Vol- 
unteer Infantry, Colonel W. W. Jennings, Commanding. 

In the center of the cemetery the State of Pennsylvania has erected a monument to 
commemorate the charge of General Humphrey's Division, Fifth Corps, in the battle of 
Fredericksburg, 1862. 



Thf "Scntrg 13nx" 



On lower Main street was the residence of General George Weedon of Revolutionary fame, 
and afterwards occupied by Colonel Hugh Mercer, a son of General Hugh Mercer, who was killed 
at the battle of Princeton. 

The name "Sentry Box" being applied on account of the unobstructed view for some distance, 
It being used during the Revolutionary, War of 1812 and Civil war, as a place to watch and give the 
alarm of the approach of the enemy. 

as m !S 



Htstng Sun TEu:ern 




One of the oldest buildings in Fred- 
ericksburg. General George Weeden, years 
before the Revolutionary war, kept hotel 
in this house and was the stopping place 
of Washington, LaFayette and other 
Colonial dignitaries. 

The Rising Sun Tavern is now 
owned by the Society for the Preservation 
of Virginia Antiquities, who have reno- 
vated the building, but retaining in every 
way the old style of architecture used in 
wooden buildings used in the eighteenth 
century. 



T\\t mashingt^n Fcirtn 



Looking directly across the river from the "Sentry Box" can be seen the Washington Farm. 
This is where Geo. Washington was raised to manhood, and it is said where he threw the silver 
dollar across the Rappahannock, also where he chopped the famous cherry tree. One of the pon- 
toon bridges used in 1862 was built from this farm. 



KtnmorB 



"Kenmore" was built in 1740 by Col- 
onel Fielding Lewis, an officer who com- 
manded a division at the siege of York- 
town where Cornwallis surrendered. It is 
said the bricks used to build this house 
were brought from England, but this can- 
not be confirmed, but the interior stucco 
work of this colonial mansion has stood 
for over a century and is supposed to have 
been done by expert Englishmen. 

It was to Kenmore that Colonel 
Fielding Lewis took Bettie Washington, 
(George's sister) as a bride. 



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VIEW IN CONFEDERATE CEMETERY 



ThB llfertBr 11l0nitmBnt 



General Hugh Mercer, killed at the battle of Princeton, 1777. while leading his men against 
the British. Over one hundred years after an appropriation had been made by Congress, it evi- 
dently being overlooked, in 1906 the United States government erected this monument to his 
memory. 

Situated in the center of Washington Avenue in the attitude of a patriot, drawn sword in 
hand, he stands on a pedestal, ready to strike in defense of his country. (See page 12 for 
illustration.) 

General Mercer conducted a drug store in the building now standing, corner Main and 
Amelia Streets, and lived at the "Sentry Box" with George Weeden, until the beginning of the 
Revolutionary War. 

^S 9S US 



^i:xxdHtxu\t Qlem^tBrg 



The first Ladies Memorial Association was organized at Fredericksburg in 1855, and in 
response to liberal contributions the present cemetery was laid out. and the Confederate dead who 
were buried at various places were gathered together and each grave marked. 

In 1874 the corner stone was laid of the monument erected on a riiound in the center of the 
space. This monument is about 6 feet high made of gray granite, and on top has a life size statue 
of a Confederate soldier at dress parade. On the front of the monument is the inscription "To the 
Confederate Dead." 

About 2,500 are buried here, of which about 600 are unknown. 




MONUMENT TO MARY THE MOTHER OF WASHINGTON 



"^Uarg HUEshiixgtnn lllnnixmtnt 



About a stone throw from Kenmore, Mary, the mother of Washington is buried. This spot 
was selected by herself, declaring it to be preferable to any location, as it could never be cultivated, 

being near a rocky crag, a part of the 
original Kenmore land. 

After the remains of the venerable 
matron had lain for forty-four years, a 
monument was partially erected to her 
memory by Silas E. Burrows, a wealthy 
New York merchant. The corner-stone 
was laid with imposing pomp on May 7, 
1833. Andrew Jackson, President of the 
U. S., several members of his Cabinet, 
numbers of distinguished citizens from 
Washington, the Marine Band and mili- 
tary came to swell the pageant. This 
monument of white Italian marble was 
never finished, and for more than sixty 
years laid a prey to the relic hunters and 
ravishes of time. 




MONUMENT ERECTED IN 1833 



In 1889, the nation was startled with the announcement that the grave and unfinished monu- 
ment to Mary Washington would be sold at public auction from the steps of the Capitol at Wash- 
ington, indignant meetings were held and the sale abandoned by its originators. The women of 



America organized to erect a monument to the memory of their fellow countrywoman, which they 

did; unveiling May 10, 1894, a monument fifty feet high, and comprising a monolith of forty feet, 

standing on bases eleven feet square and ten feet high. The whole shaft is of Barre granite and of 

the finest workmanship. President Cleveland, many of his Cabinet, the Governor of Virginia, the 

Marine Band, companies of military and thousands of people witnessed the ceremony. 

Just back of the monument is a ledge of rocks known as "Meditation Rock," where she used 

often to resort for private reading, meditation and prayer, under the shade of the beautiful grove 

of Oak trees. 

iS s ^ 



lllnrg TOctshtngtcn Httusr 



This plain, old-fashioned dwelling 
on the corner of Charles and Lewis streets 
was the home of Mary the mother of 
Washington until her death in 1789. 

Up to the death of her husband she 
lived just across the river, opposite Fred- 
ericksburg, at the "Washington Farm" 
and it was in these two homes the illus- 
trious George was raised to manhood. 

This building is owned by the society 
for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities, 
who have put the same in thorough con- 
dition, all of the original features of 
architecture and general appearance being 
preserved. 




The front room in which she died is furnished as used by her in her lifetime. This building 
is open to visitors for a small sum. 




I 1 1 1 I 



I 



TItb TOciS0mt I^rrdgB 



The Masonic Lodge, in which George Washington received 
his first degree as a Mason, November 4, 1752, has a cabinet of 
some rare and valuable relics. Some of which are the Bible that 
Geo. Washington was obligated on (printed 1668), a lock of his 
hair, autograph passes given by him during the Revolutionary 
War, the old minute book giving his initiation, passing and 
raising, an oil portrait of George Washington, painted by Gilbert 
Stuart, the old parlor chairs of his mother, Mary Washington, 
and many others, which can be seen free of charge by applying 
to the Master of the Lodge. 



0thtr Vlntts 0f IfntBrBst 



PRESIDENT MONROE HOUSE— Situated on Princess Anne Street one block above the 
passenger depot is the old story and a half frame house to which President James Monroe held a 
pocket deed to qualify him for his seat in the House of Burgesses. 



PAUL JONES 
near the depot. 



HOUSE— The only home in America of John Paul Jones, on Main Street 




INSIDE THE NATIONAL CEMETERY 
Showing Monument to Commemorate the Charge of General Humphrey's Division 1862 



FEDERAL HILL— on Hanover street. In the latter part of the eighteenth century the home 
of Tjiomas Reade Roots, a distinguished lawyer of that time. 

PLANTER'S HOTEL— Used before and during the Civil war as a hotel, at the corner of 
Commerce and Charles Streets. In front of this hotel is a stone block, placed there many years 
before the Civil war, used for the sale and annual hire of slaves. 

HOME OF GEN. DANIEL D. WHEELER -of the U. S. Army on the east side of lower 
Main street. Built about 1765. Was the home of Dr. Charles Mortimer who was physician to Mary 
Washington also the first Mayor of Fredericksburg. 

STEVENS HOUSE-Situated on "Sunken Road" the Confederate line of battle 1862-63 in 
front of fence. General Thos. R. R. Cobb, killed just inside of yard. 

ST. GEORGE'S BURYING GROUND-Colonel John Dandridge, the father of Martha Wash- 
ington was buried here in 1756. Wm. Paul, a brother of John Paul Jones buried 1773. It is said 
that Fielding Lewis is buried under the steps of the church. A number of remarkable tombstones 
can be found in the yard, the inscription of one of which has puzzled all who have seen it, 
"Charles M. Rathrock, departed this life Sept. 29th, 1084, aged three years." 

CITY HALL— Built 1813— Used in 1824 for a grand ball and reception to General Lafayette. 

OLD EXCHANGE HOTEL (Now known as Hotel Frederick) built in 1837, part destroyed by 
fire 1850, rebuilt but not used as a hotel until after the Civil war. During the war was used as 
a hospital. 

MASONIC GRAVEYARD-On corner of George and Charles Streets. General Lewis Little- 
ton was buried here in 1802. 



Methodist Church 




Baptist Church 



Presbyterian Church St. Georges Episcopal Church 



MARY WASHINGTON HOSPITAL-Erected by the ladies of Fredericksburg. Cornerstone 
was laid April 14th, 1899, a day to commemorate George Washington's last visit to Fredericksburg 
and his dying mother. The corner-stone is a portion of the old Mary Washington monument 
begun in 1833. Situated overlooking the river and directly opposite Chatham. One of the pontoon 
bridges of 1862 was directly in front of the hospital. 

GUNNERY SPRING— The legend of Gunnery Spring is that all that drink of the water will 
return to drink again some day. A visit to Fredericksburg is not complete without a visit to this 
old spring. 

!€ m !^ 

Fredericks liixrg Qllntrthes 

St. George's Episcopal Church— corner Princess Anne and George Streets, R. J. McBryde, 
Rector. 

Trinity Episcopal Church— corner Prince Edward and Hanover streets, Dr. H. H. Barber, 
Rector. 

The Presbyterian Church— corner Princess Anne and George streets, Rev. J. H. Henderlite, 
Pastor. 

The Baptist Church— corner Princess Anne and Amelia streets, Rev. R. A. Williams, 
Pastor. 

The Methodist Church— on Hanover street. Rev. J. R. Jacobs, Pastor. 

St. Mary's Catholic Church— on Princess Anne street. Father Perrig, Pastor. 




The Will of Mary Washington is on exhibition at the Clerk's office of the Corporation 
Court. This is in a good state of preservation. 



i0mB 3inl:erBstTng FEcta 



The first resolution declaring American Independence was passed in Fredericksburg, April 
27th, 1775, twenty-one days before the next earlier. 

Seven presidents and three of the greatest military leaders was born at Fredericksburg or 
within a short distance. 

It was John Paul Jones, a Fredericksburg man, who raised the first flag over our infant navy, 
in 1775. 

At Fredericksburg and within fifteen miles, more great armies manoeuvered, more great bat- 
tles were fought, more men were engaged in mortal combat and more officers and privates were 
killed and wounded than in any similar territory in the world. 

The tallest and most imposing monument erected to a woman is erected at Fredericksburg 
to the memory of Mary Washington. 

James Monroe, for many years a citizen of Fredericksburg, announced the American 
principal known as the Monroe Doctrine. 

James Madison, born near Fredericksburg, gave to the country the Constitution of the 
United States. 

It was Fredericksburg that gave to the country the head of the Armies in the Great War for 
Independence and the first president, in the person of the peerless Washington. 



AUG 28 1912 



QII0SB IJrtuing ^istantB 



Sedgwick Monument 12 miles Chancellorsville 10 miles 



"Stonewall" Jackson Monument ... 11 

Massachusetts Monument 10 

Hays Monument lO 

Spotsylvania C. H 12 

Salem Church 3 



Wilderness ... 15 

Bloody Angle 12 " 

Hamilton's Crossing 4 " 

Falmouth 1 mile 

Lacy House (Burnside Headquarters) . i " 



Phillips House (Sumner's Headquarters) . . 1 mile 

m m US 

I^0gs^s 0n \\\t Six ISctttl^ftBlris 

fredericksburg-hamilton's crossing 

Fed. Con. Total 

Fred'sburg. Dec. 13, '62, May 3-4 '63 \ 13^53 5 377 13030 

Hamilton s Crossmg, Dec. 13, 1862 \ ' 

CHANCELLORSVILLE-SALEM CHURCH 

Chancellorsville May 1-3, 1863 > 17237 12,463 29,750 

Salem Church, May 3-4, 1863 S , ■, ^ 

WILDERNESS 

Wilderness, May 5-6, 1864 17,666 10,641 28,307 

SPOTSYLVANIA 

Spotsylvania, May 8-21, 1864 15,577 11,578 27,155 

Total .63,183 40,059 103,242 



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FREDERICKSBURG 

AND ITS 

P0INTS2f INTEREST 




STAFFORD HEIGHTS 



LSE°'' CONGRESS 





014 367 610 9"'^ 



